{"id":19206,"date":"2019-07-26T05:29:16","date_gmt":"2019-07-26T09:29:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wes.org\/?post_type=advisor_blog&#038;p=19206"},"modified":"2024-05-14T15:44:06","modified_gmt":"2024-05-14T19:44:06","slug":"popular-majors-international-students","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wes.org\/zh-hans\/resource-library\/blog\/education-zh-hans\/popular-majors-international-students\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6700\u53d7\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u5b66\u751f\u6b22\u8fce\u7684\u4e13\u4e1a\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u5f53\u60a8\u5728\u5f02\u56fd\u4ed6\u4e61\u653b\u8bfb\u5b66\u4f4d\uff0c\u5728\u9009\u62e9\u4e13\u4e1a\u65f6\uff0c\u60a8\u5e94\u95ee\u60a8\u81ea\u5df1\u51e0\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b66\u4e60\u9886\u57df\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u5f15\u8d77\u6211\u7684\u5174\u8da3\uff1f<\/li>\n<li>\u5b83\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u901a\u5411\u4e00\u6761\u9760\u8c31\u7684\u804c\u4e1a\u9053\u8def\uff1f<\/li>\n<li>\u62e5\u6709\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b66\u4f4d\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5728\u6211\u7684\u7956\u56fd\u627e\u4e00\u4efd\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c06\u6709\u591a\u56f0\u96be\uff1f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u60a8\u5fc5\u987b\u9009\u62e9\u60a8\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e13\u4e1a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u770b\u4e00\u770b\u60a8\u7684\u540c\u4faa\u4eec\u6b63\u5728\u505a\u4e9b\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e5f\u65e0\u59a8\u3002\u5728\u672c\u7bc7\u535a\u5ba2\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4f1a\u63a2\u8ba8\u6700\u53d7\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u5b66\u751f\u6b22\u8fce\u7684\u4e13\u4e1a\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u53ef\u80fd\u5982\u4f55\u62e5\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u504f\u597d\u3002<\/p>\n<h4><strong>\u56fd\u9645\u5b66\u751f\u901a\u5e38\u9009\u62e9\u54ea\u4e9b\u4e13\u4e1a\uff1f<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-18580\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wes.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/wes-advisor-blog-graphics-0519-783x1024.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"635\" height=\"831\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wes.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/wes-advisor-blog-graphics-0519-783x1024.png 783w, https:\/\/www.wes.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/wes-advisor-blog-graphics-0519-229x300.png 229w, https:\/\/www.wes.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/wes-advisor-blog-graphics-0519-768x1005.png 768w, https:\/\/www.wes.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/wes-advisor-blog-graphics-0519.png 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 635px) 100vw, 635px\" \/><br \/>\n\u6839\u636e\u6700\u65b0\u7684 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iie.org\/research-and-publications\/open-doors\/data\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Open Doors \u6570\u636e<\/a>\uff0c\u5de5\u7a0b\u3001\u5546\u52a1\/\u7ba1\u7406\u4ee5\u53ca\u6570\u5b66\/\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u662f\u6700\u53d7\u5728\u7f8e\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u5b66\u751f\u6b22\u8fce\u7684\u4e09\u5927\u4e13\u4e1a\u3002\u6574\u6574 55% \u7684\u4eba\u9009\u62e9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5b66\u4e1a\u9886\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u56db\u5e74\u91cc\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e0e\u4fe1\u606f\u79d1\u5b66\u4e13\u4e1a\u5b66\u751f\u4eba\u6570\u5df2\u589e\u957f\u4e86 31.7%\uff0c\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e86\u4efb\u4f55\u5176\u4ed6\u5b66\u4e1a\u9886\u57df\u3002\u4e3b\u4fee\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u5728\u5bfb\u627e\u5b9e\u4e60\u6216\u5de5\u4f5c\u673a\u4f1a\u65f6\u8f83\u5177\u6709\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u6839\u636e <a href=\"https:\/\/www.uscis.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/USCIS\/Resources\/Reports%20and%20Studies\/H-1B\/h-1B-FY16.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">USCIS H-1B \u5de5\u4f5c\u7b7e\u8bc1\u7533\u8bf7<\/a>\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4e0e\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u804c\u4e1a\u662f\u9700\u6c42\u6700\u4e3a\u65fa\u76db\u7684\u5916\u7c4d\u52b3\u5de5\u7c7b\u522b\u3002\u6bd5\u4e1a\u540e\uff0c\u5178\u578b\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u56fd\u9645\u5b66\u751f\u5c06\u83b7\u5f97 12 \u4e2a\u6708\u7684 OPT\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u53ef\u9009\u7684 24 \u4e2a\u6708 STEM OPT \u5ef6\u671f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5408\u8ba1 36 \u4e2a\u6708\u7684\u6bd5\u4e1a\u540e\u9636\u6bb5\u5c06\u662f\u56fd\u9645\u5b66\u751f\u5728\u8fd4\u56de\u7956\u56fd\u4e4b\u524d\u83b7\u53d6\u5b9e\u4e60\u548c\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u7edd\u4f73\u673a\u4f1a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5de5\u7a0b\u4e13\u4e1a\u589e\u957f\u4e86 7%\uff0c\u6570\u5b66\u548c\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u589e\u957f\u4e86 21.2%\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u4e86 STEM \u9886\u57df\u7ee7\u7eed\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u53d7\u5b66\u751f\u6b22\u8fce\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u7b7e\u8bc1\u653f\u7b56\u6765\u5438\u5f15\u56fd\u9645 STEM \u5b66\u751f\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u9ad8\u79d1\u6280\u884c\u4e1a\u5df2\u63a8\u52a8\u4e86\u5bf9\u4e8e STEM \u52b3\u52a8\u529b\u5e02\u573a\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<h4><strong>\u4e2d\u56fd\u548c\u5370\u5ea6<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u5b66\u751f\u662f\u5426\u4f1a\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e13\u4e1a\u504f\u597d\uff1f\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u6bd4\u4e86\u56fd\u9645\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u4e24\u5927\u4e3b\u8981\u751f\u6e90\u56fd\uff0c\u5373\u4e2d\u56fd\u548c\u5370\u5ea6\uff0c\u5e76\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u4e8c\u8005\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-18913\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wes.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/wes-advisor-blog-graphics-2-0719-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"635\" height=\"1483\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wes.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/wes-advisor-blog-graphics-2-0719-1.png 635w, https:\/\/www.wes.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/wes-advisor-blog-graphics-2-0719-1-128x300.png 128w, https:\/\/www.wes.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/wes-advisor-blog-graphics-2-0719-1-438x1024.png 438w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 635px) 100vw, 635px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>STEM \u4e13\u4e1a\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b66\u751f\u4e4b\u4e2d\u662f\u6700\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u7684\u3002\u5de5\u7a0b (19%)\u3001\u6570\u5b66\u4e0e\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66 (17.2%) \u4ee5\u53ca\u7269\u7406\u751f\u547d\u79d1\u5b66 (8.4%) \u5408\u8ba1\u5360\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u9645\u5b66\u751f\u5b66\u4f4d\u7684 44.6%\u3002\u5546\u52a1\/\u7ba1\u7406\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b66\u751f\u4e2d\u4e5f\u5360\u636e\u4e86\u4e00\u5927\u90e8\u5206 (20.8%)\u3002\u5168\u7403\u5316\u8d8b\u52bf\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u5185\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5546\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\u4e13\u4e1a\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u4e5f\u6709\u6240\u589e\u957f\u3002\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u5b66\u751f\u4e2d\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u7684\u5546\u79d1\u4e13\u4e1a\u4e5f\u4ece\u91d1\u878d\u3001\u4f1a\u8ba1\u548c\u5de5\u5546\u7ba1\u7406\u7855\u58eb\u62d3\u5bbd\u5230\u5e02\u573a\u8425\u9500\u3001\u5546\u4e1a\u5206\u6790\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>STEM \u4e13\u4e1a\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u5b66\u751f\u4e4b\u95f4\u4e5f\u5360\u636e\u7740\u4e3b\u5bfc\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u8fd9\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u65b0\u9c9c\u4e8b\u4e86\u3002\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u6bcf\u56db\u540d\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u9645\u5b66\u751f\u4e2d\u6709\u4e09\u540d\u4e3b\u4fee STEM \u4e13\u4e1a\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b STEM \u4e13\u4e1a\u4e2d\uff0c37.5% \u7684\u5b66\u751f\u9009\u62e9\u6570\u5b66\/\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\uff0c\u7d27\u968f\u5176\u540e\u7684\u662f\u9009\u62e9\u5de5\u7a0b\u7c7b\u4e13\u4e1a\u7684 35.4% \u7684\u5b66\u751f\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5546\u52a1\u7c7b\u4e13\u4e1a\u4ece 2009 \u5e74\u7684 15.3% \u4e0b\u964d\u5230 2017 \u5e74\u7684 9.8%\u3002<\/p>\n<h4><strong>\u54ea\u4e9b\u9700\u6c42\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u4e13\u4e1a\u9009\u62e9\uff1f<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u804c\u4e1a\u3002\u5230\u7f8e\u56fd\u6765\u7559\u5b66\u9700\u8981\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u91d1\u94b1\u6295\u8d44\u3002\u601d\u8003\u67d0\u4e2a\u4e13\u4e1a\u80fd\u591f\u4e3a\u60a8\u7684\u672a\u6765\u804c\u4e1a\u53d1\u5c55\u5e26\u6765\u54ea\u4e9b\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u884c\u4e1a\u5185\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u85aa\u8d44\u662f\u591a\u5c11\uff1f\u60a8\u5982\u4f55\u89c4\u5212\u60a8\u7684\u804c\u4e1a\u53d1\u5c55\u9053\u8def\uff1f\u60a8\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u591f\u60f3\u8c61\u81ea\u5df1\u8eab\u5904\u8fd9\u4e00\u9886\u57df\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff1f\u5411\u6821\u53cb\u6216\u524d\u8f88\u83b7\u53d6\u66f4\u591a\u5efa\u8bae\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u7b7e\u8bc1\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u5e0c\u671b\u6bd5\u4e1a\u540e\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u627e\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48 STEM \u4e13\u4e1a\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u60a8\u6700\u597d\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u6388\u4e88 STEM 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