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- Education
Overview
Elementary
Education
Higher
Education
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- EDUCATION OVERVIEW
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- Administration
and Finance:
- Governments at the central, provincial,
prefecture, municipal and county levels have departments of education
responsible for the administration of education. According to the Education
Law the State Council and local people’s governments at all levels guide
and administer education according to the principles of management at
different levels and responsibilities.
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- Education at the secondary level is
administered by local people’s governments under the leadership of the
State Council. Higher education is administered by the State Council and the
people’s governments of the provinces, autonomous regions and
municipalities directly under the central government.
Various ministries and other governmental agencies operate their own
schools. For example, the
Ministry of Railways operates several institutions related to rail
transportation. The People’s Liberation Army operates the military medical
universities and the Chinese Communist Party operates the Central Party
School.
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- A central authority does exist however, when
it comes to the conferral of degrees. All
bachelor’s, master’s and doctoral degree programmes are authorized by the
Academic Degrees Committee of the State Council.
The standards in determining which school may confer degrees is
intended to be the same regardless of the organization actually controlling
the institution. As such, the
Academic Degrees Committee is key in determining which institutions and
degrees are acceptable for admission to study at Canadian institutions.
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- Size:
- Approximately 177,471,400 students are
enrolled in educational establishments at all levels. An additional
30,000,000 students are enrolled in distance learning programmes.
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- Structure:
- Three systems co-exist for primary and lower
secondary education: the 6+3 system, the 5+4 system, and the nine-year
system, with the 6+3 system predominate.
Thus, the length of schooling for primary education is six or five
years, and for lower secondary education, four or three years, for a total
of nine years. Secondary
education is completed in three years of full-time study.
Vocational/technical education is offered at the lower and upper secondary
levels, and in higher education institutions.
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- Higher education in China is quite
complicated; although there are plans to merge most educational components
into a new Ministry of Education, the current system presents a wide variety
of organizations with control over education.
- Competitive entrance examinations are given at
all levels of education.
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- Private
and Public Education:
- Private education and institutions are
officially encouraged in China, however the general trend is for basic and
higher education to be financed by the State, and vocational and adult
education to be financed by other sectors.
- Community-run primary, lower and upper
secondary schools offer courses in accordance with the teaching programmes
set by the State. Higher education private programmes are generally offered
by well-known retired educators and professional organizations, however, the
quality of educational programmes varies widely.
All institutions offering private instruction charge fees for
tuition.
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- Academic
Year:
- The school year at the primary and secondary
levels is divided into two terms totaling 34 weeks of instruction. The first
term begins in September with a second term beginning in March and ending in
July
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- Teacher
Education:
- The academic requirements for different levels
of teachers’ qualifications are as follows: primary teachers must be
graduates of secondary-level normal schools (at minimum); lower secondary
teachers must be graduates of two-year normal colleges or above, for
teachers who teach in general academic or specialized streams; upper
secondary teachers must hold undergraduate teaching credentials from normal
or other universities and four-year colleges.
Revised: May 06, 2004
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Copyright © 2001 World Education Services.
All rights reserved.
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